Class 12 Physics most important topics for RBSE Board 2026

If you are preparing for RBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam 2026, then focusing on important topics is the smartest strategy. The syllabus is vast, but the exam largely follows a repeated pattern. Based on the attached topic list and previous year trends, the following topics carry high probability of questions in MCQ, short answer, long answer, and numerical sections.

This will help you to revise all impotant chapter-wise topic for last minute prepration

Question Pattern – Quick Overview

Before studying the topics, understand how questions appear in the exam:

MCQ / Fill in the blanks (0.5 mark) – basic facts, units, dimensions, direct formulas, device names

Very short answers (1 mark) – definitions, laws, basic conditions like TIR or resonance, simple graphs

Short answers (1.5 marks) – reasoning questions, small derivations, easy numericals, comparisons

Long answers (3 marks) – full derivations, device working, explanations with diagrams

Very long / essay type (4 marks) – big derivations, Gauss’s law applications, prism and lens-maker formula, detailed optics/electrostatics questions

🔹 Electric Charges and Fields

Important topics include electric field due to an infinite wire, plane sheet, and spherical shell, quantization of charge, electric flux, dipole moment, Gauss’s law and electric field lines. Questions are commonly asked on applications of Gauss’s Law and graphical concepts.

🔹 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Focus on parallel plate capacitor derivation, potential energy of point-charge system, potential due to a point charge, and series–parallel combination of capacitors. Properties of equipotential surfaces and dielectric constant are also frequently asked.

🔹 Current Electricity

Study Kirchhoff’s laws, internal resistance, drift velocity, mobility, temperature dependence of resistance, Wheatstone bridge and meter bridge numericals. Ammeter/voltmeter conversion questions are common in MCQs.

🔹 Moving Charges, Magnetism & Matter

Important areas are force between parallel current-carrying wires, Ampere’s circuital law, moving-coil galvanometer, Biot–Savart law, magnetic materials (dia, para, ferro), Curie temperature, magnetisation and susceptibility.

🔹 Electromagnetic Induction & AC

Prepare Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws, motional EMF, self and mutual induction, magnetic flux, average power in AC circuit, LCR resonance, RMS value, impedance, phasor diagrams and AC generator working. Transformer numericals are also important.

🔹 Electromagnetic Waves

Revise displacement current, Maxwell’s ideas, EM wave production, EM spectrum and its uses, and basic properties of EM waves such as speed and wavelength relation.

🔹 Ray & Wave Optics

Extremely important for board exam. Focus on lens maker’s formula, prism formula, microscope and telescope ray diagrams, mirror equation, total internal reflection, critical angle, magnifying power, Young’s double slit experiment, diffraction, interference and polarization.

🔹 Dual Nature of Radiation, Atoms & Nuclei

Important concepts include Einstein’s photoelectric equation, de-Broglie wavelength, stopping potential, photon properties, Bohr’s postulates, spectral series, binding energy curve, mass defect and E = mc², fission vs fusion and nuclear radius formula.

🔹 Semiconductor Electronics

Pay special attention to p–n junction formation, V–I characteristics, half and full-wave rectifiers, energy band theory, intrinsic vs extrinsic semiconductors, forward and reverse bias, depletion region, barrier potential and donor/acceptor impurities. Majority and minority charge carriers are sure-shot MCQs.